Volume 7, Issue 13 , September 2016, , Pages 75-88
Abstract
چکیده نسبت میان علم و دین از مسائلی است که در هر دو حوزه فلسفۀ علم و فلسفۀ دین مطمح نظر پارهای از اندیشمندان این دو حوزه بوده است. کتاب علم، عقل و دین نوشتۀدرک استینزبی ...
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چکیده نسبت میان علم و دین از مسائلی است که در هر دو حوزه فلسفۀ علم و فلسفۀ دین مطمح نظر پارهای از اندیشمندان این دو حوزه بوده است. کتاب علم، عقل و دین نوشتۀدرک استینزبی تلاشی است برای جمع علم و دین و انعکاس پیامدهای نظریات علمی و نظریات فیلسوفان علم برای دین. وی که خود روحانی مسیحی است معتقد است که علم و دین را نباید دو فرهنگ یا جهانبینی مجزا و مستقل از هم تلقی کرد که یکی عقلانی و دیگری غیرعقلانی است. این دو یکی هستند و هر دو میکوشند جهان و جایگاه انسان را در آن بفهمند. وی در این کتاب به بررسی نظریات پارهای از فیلسوفان علم، پوزیتیویستها، پوپر، کوون، فایرابند و یکی از فیلسوفان بزرگ معاصر ویتگنشتاین پرداخته است و البته در این میان با پوپر همدلی بیشتری دارد و حجم بیشتری از کتاب را به تحلیل اندیشههای او اختصاص میدهد. وی در بحث از اندیشههای هر یک از این فیلسوفان تأثیرات اندیشه ایشان را بر فلسفه دین ردیابی و تحلیل میکند. در این مقاله به معرفی این کتاب و ذکر برخی کاستیهای آن خواهیم پرداخت.
Having long history in human life, science and religion in their long history have influenced it and approximately there was no contradiction. The progress of sciences which started since 17th led scientists to some discoveries deferent from and sometimes in opposition to the formal doctrines of religion ...
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Having long history in human life, science and religion in their long history have influenced it and approximately there was no contradiction. The progress of sciences which started since 17th led scientists to some discoveries deferent from and sometimes in opposition to the formal doctrines of religion in so far as the clerics and scientists started criticizing the views of each other. In 17th century because of new meanings science and religion the conflict between them changed. Before that time science had no nature independent from philosophy, ethics and theology and the religion which was based on faith before Enlightenment, in that age turned to the reason and the truth and falseness of its propositions started to be assessed. Because of getting two new different and separated natures, the conflict between science and religion became one of the important debates of 19th century, the subject that will be discussed in this article
Both science and religion have propositions about the nature. The discovery and cognition of the laws of the nature, scientists of natural sciences claim, is a function of science, while the religious knowers defend the uncontested truth of the religious propositions about the nature. This initiated ...
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Both science and religion have propositions about the nature. The discovery and cognition of the laws of the nature, scientists of natural sciences claim, is a function of science, while the religious knowers defend the uncontested truth of the religious propositions about the nature. This initiated the conflict between science and religion by which some of the scientists and religious knowers were influenced and whoever was concerned with this problem tried to provide an answer to it. By presenting an interpretation of Islam harmonious with human developments, Motahhari as a Moslem intellectual made an effort to show the compatibility between science and religion. Sometimes, he spoke of human’s need for both of them and the compatibility between them in this regard, and sometimes, he tried to show in detail that there is no conflict between science and religion, as he did about the theory of evolution. Relying on the relativity of scientific laws and eternity of religious doctrines, he sometimes defended the religion and interpretability of science. In this paper, the origin of the problem is discussed and the viewpoint of Motahhari regarding this problem is analyzed.
